M41 vs Q67.5
M41 and Q67.5 can never be reported together. ICD-10-CM declares them mutually exclusive with an Excludes1 note, meaning the two conditions cannot occur in the same patient — so exactly one of them is correct for any given encounter.
The official note, declared on M41
congenital scoliosis NOS (Q67.5)
M41
Scoliosis
Not billable
- Chapter 13
- Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue
- Section
- M40-M43
Use when the record says
- kyphoscoliosis
Q67.5
Congenital deformity of spine
Billable
- Chapter 17
- Congenital malformations, deformations, chromosomal abnormalities, and genetic disorders
- Section
- Q65-Q79
Use when the record says
- Congenital postural scoliosis
- Congenital scoliosis NOS
Indexed under
- Kyphoscoliosis, kyphoscoliotic › congenital (acquired)
- Scoliosis › congenital (acquired) (postural)
- Curvature › spine › congenital
- Deformity › spinal › congenital
- Deformity › spine › congenital
These two codes sit in different chapters of the Tabular List, which is usually the clearest signal that they describe different underlying processes rather than different degrees of the same one.
Excludes1 is not always absolute: where two conditions covered by the note are genuinely unrelated, CMS guidance permits reporting both. Document the reasoning rather than assuming it. More on Excludes1 vs Excludes2 · FY2027