F98.4 vs R25
F98.4 and R25 can never be reported together. ICD-10-CM declares them mutually exclusive with an Excludes1 note, meaning the two conditions cannot occur in the same patient — so exactly one of them is correct for any given encounter.
The official note, declared on F98.4
abnormal involuntary movements (R25.-)
F98.4
Stereotyped movement disorders
Billable
- Chapter 5
- Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders
- Section
- F90-F98
Use when the record says
- Stereotype/habit disorder
Indexed under
- Spasmus nutans
- Stereotypies NEC
- Body, bodies › rocking
- Disorder › stereotyped, habit or movement (of)
- Spasm, spastic, spasticity › nodding (s)
R25
Abnormal involuntary movements
Not billable
- Chapter 18
- Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified
- Section
- R25-R29
These two codes sit in different chapters of the Tabular List, which is usually the clearest signal that they describe different underlying processes rather than different degrees of the same one.
Excludes1 is not always absolute: where two conditions covered by the note are genuinely unrelated, CMS guidance permits reporting both. Document the reasoning rather than assuming it. More on Excludes1 vs Excludes2 · FY2027